Counting is underway in Guinea following a largely peaceful election day in which voters decided whether to give 82-year-old President Alpha Conde a third mandate, made possible by a constitutional change.
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At least 50 people have been killed over the past year during demonstrations against the new constitution, according to Amnesty International, and violence erupted repeatedly during campaigning.
A spokesman for the national election commission said Sunday's vote was "calm, serene and done with enthusiasm".
However a number of people including one of the candidates said they had been turned away at polling stations because of problems with voter cards.
The election comes at a delicate moment in West Africa, where concerns are growing over a reversal of democratic gains.
In August, Mali's government was overthrown by the army, while in Ivory Coast, months of protests against President Alassane Ouattara's bid on October 31 for a third term have turned violent.
Conde faces 11 challengers, including longtime rival Cellou Dalein Diallo, a former prime minister who finished second to Conde in elections in 2010 and 2015.
While no reliable opinion polls are available, many political analysts expect Conde to prevail after he won overwhelming approval for the new constitution in a referendum in March - although that vote was boycotted by the opposition.
The commission will announce provisional results within three days of receiving the last polling-station tally. The Constitutional Court will then have eight days to declare a winner.
In the west of Guinea's capital, Conakry, dozens of voters queued quietly to vote in a primary school where the exterior was plastered with posters of Conde.
"I hope that things will happen in peace," said Mariama Camara, a housewife.
But across town in Koloma Soloprimo neighbourhood, an opposition stronghold, several voters said they had been unable to participate because of voter-card problems.
"When I arrived at the polling station, I was told my card was not valid," said resident Fatoumata Barry.
After casting his vote, Diallo said he was worried that Conde would steal the election with "cunning and violence".
"We will not accept (that)," he said.
One of the candidates, former Foreign Minister Makale Camara, said she herself had not received a voter card.
Australian Associated Press
